/* ======================================================
   GLOBAL FIX — remove horizontal scrollbar and overflow
   ====================================================== */
 @import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:wght@100;200;300&display=swap");

.material-symbols-outlined.icon-thin {
  font-variation-settings:
    'FILL' 0,
    'wght' 200,
    'GRAD' 0,
    'opsz' 24;
  vertical-align: middle;
  font-size: 18px;
  margin-right: 6px;
}

/* Make Submit button special (only the button, NOT whole header) */
.submit-btn {
  background:#732c2f ;
  color:#fff !important;
  padding:6px 14px;
  border-radius:4px;
  font-weight:600;
}
.submit-btn:hover {
  background:#0f3140;
}

html, body {
  overflow-x: hidden !important;  /* prevents sideways scroll */
  width: 100% !important;
  padding: 0;
}
/* ======================================================
   UPPER HEADER — Professional Refined Edition
   ====================================================== */
.hrl-header-upper {
  background: #fff;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e2e2;
  padding: 30px 0 70px 0;
  font-family: "Source Sans 3", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
}

/* Flex container */
.hrl-header-upper .upper-flex {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 12px;
}

/* Publisher logo (left) */
.hrl-header-upper img.hrl-publisher-logo {
  height: 46px !important;
  width: auto !important;
  margin-left: 2px !important;
  margin-bottom: 4px !important;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* Right Section: Register, Login, Search */
.hrl-header-upper .upper-right {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 26px;
}

/* === Harmonize Upper Nav Font & Style with Lower Navbar === */
.hrl-header-upper .upper-right a {
  font-family: "Source Sans 3", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif !important;
  color: #939393 !important;           /* same neutral tone */
  font-weight: 600 !important;         /* same density */
  font-size: 0.96rem !important;       /* same text size */
  letter-spacing: 0.3px !important;    /* subtle spacing for elegance */
  text-decoration: none !important;
  transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.hrl-header-upper .upper-right a:hover {
  color: #96351b !important;           /* brand hover color */
}

/* Optional: Search input refinement if present */
.hrl-header-upper .upper-right input[type="search"] {
  padding: 6px 10px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: #333;
}

.hrl-header-upper .upper-right input[type="search"]:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: #96351b;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(150, 53, 27, 0.1);
}

/* Buttons/links */
.hrl-header-upper a.hrl-register,
.hrl-header-upper a.hrl-login {
  color: #333;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.hrl-header-upper a.hrl-register:hover,
.hrl-header-upper a.hrl-login:hover {
  color: #96351b;
}

/* Use Source Sans 3 / Source Serif 4 across the journal site */
:root {
  --primary-sans: 'Source Sans 3', Arial, sans-serif;
  --primary-serif: 'Source Serif 4', Georgia, serif;
}

/* Body / base text */
body, .pkp_structure_main, .obj_article_summary, .issue-summary {
  font-family: var(--primary-sans);
  color: #333;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

/* Headings (use serif for more academic tone) */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: var(--primary-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #222;
  margin-top: 1em;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

/* Navigation, header, UI elements (sans) */
.hrl-header-upper, .hrl-header-middle, .hrl-header-lower, nav a, .breadcrumb {
  font-family: var(--primary-sans);
}

/* Journal title (middle header) */
.hrl-header-middle .journal-title {
  font-family: var(--primary-serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.9rem;
}

/* Smaller UI text (footnotes, metadata) */
.meta, .article-details, .small-text {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Ensure fallback */
body * {
  font-family: var(--primary-sans) !important;
}


/* Enhanced Search Bar */
.hrl-search-form {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  background: #f9f9f9;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 30px;
  padding: 5px 14px;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.hrl-search-form:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.hrl-search-form input[type="text"] {
  border: none;
  outline: none;
  background: transparent;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  width: 180px;
  padding-left: 6px;
}

.hrl-search-form button {
  border: none;
  background: transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: #96351b;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}
/* ---------- MIDDLE HEADER (Refined Alignment, All Elements Retained) ---------- */
.hrl-header-middle {
  color: #fff;
  background-color:#15455a;
  position: relative;
  overflow: visible;
  width: 100%;
  padding-top: 16px !important;
  padding-bottom: 16px !important;
}

.hrl-header-middle .middle-flex {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* --- Left section: logo + title --- */
.hrl-header-middle .middle-left {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 6px; /* keep smaller gap between logo and title */
  position: relative;
}

.hrl-header-middle .journal-logo {
  max-height: 150px;
  width: auto;
  margin-top: -20px;
  margin-left: 49px; 
  padding: 8px;
}

/* --- Journal title refined --- */
.hrl-header-middle .journal-title {
  font-size: 1.7rem;
  font-weight: 900;
  color: #fff;
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.05;
  margin-top: 2px;
  margin-left: 0; /* reset negative margin */
  padding-left: 0;
  transform: translateX(-310px); /* ✅ actually shifts the title left toward the logo */
}

.hrl-header-middle .open-access {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-top: 12px;
  margin-top: 12px;
  margin-right: -10; /* reset negative margin */
  padding-right: -10;
  transform: translateX(-510px); /* ✅ match title alignment */
}

/* --- Right section: any buttons, icons, etc. --- */
.hrl-header-middle .middle-right {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
}

/* ---------- LOWER HEADER (Professional Two-Side Horizontal Nav) ---------- */
/* ======================================================
   LOWER HEADER NAVBAR — Refined Professional Edition
   ====================================================== */
.hrl-header-lower {
  background: #fff;
  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #96351b; /* 🔥 HR line color */
  padding: 14px 0;
  font-family: "Source Sans 3", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
}

.hrl-header-lower .lower-flex {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between; /* left and right groups */
  align-items: center;
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 24px;
}

/* Left & Right groups */
.hrl-header-lower .nav-left,
.hrl-header-lower .nav-right {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 26px;
}

/* Menu list layout */
.hrl-header-lower ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  gap: 26px;
}

/* Core link styling */
.hrl-header-lower a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #58575d; /* 🎨 professional soft grey */
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.97rem;
  transition: color 0.3s ease;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 4px;
}

.hrl-header-lower a:hover {
  color: #96351b; /* hover color matches brand tone */
}

/* Dropdown indicator */
.hrl-header-lower a.has-sub::after {
  content: "▾";
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  margin-left: 3px;
  opacity: 0.7;
}

/* Submenu styling */
.hrl-header-lower ul li {
  position: relative;
}

.hrl-header-lower ul li ul {
  display: none;
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
  min-width: 180px;
  z-index: 999;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.hrl-header-lower ul li:hover > ul {
  display: flex;
}

.hrl-header-lower ul li ul li a {
  padding: 10px 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #333;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.hrl-header-lower ul li ul li a:hover {
  background-color: #f8f8f8;
  color: #96351b;
}


/* Responsive tweak */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .hrl-header-lower .lower-flex {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 12px;
  }

  .lower-nav ul {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 16px;
  }
}



/* --- Modern Icons / Glyphs --- */
.hrl-header-lower nav ul li a::before {
  font-family: "Font Awesome 6 Free";
  font-weight: 900;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: #96351b;
  width: 18px;
  text-align: center;
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.hrl-header-lower nav ul li.home a::before {
  content: "\f015"; /* home icon */
}

.hrl-header-lower nav ul li.author-guidelines a::before {
  content: "\f02d"; /* book icon */
}

.hrl-header-lower nav ul li.submit-link a::before {
  content: "\f0a4"; /* arrow-up icon */
}

.hrl-header-lower nav ul li.register a::before {
  content: "\f007"; /* user icon */
}

.hrl-header-lower nav ul li.login a::before {
  content: "\f2f6"; /* sign-in icon */
}

.hrl-header-lower nav ul li.contact a::before {
  content: "\f0e0"; /* envelope icon */
}

/* Dropdown arrows */
.hrl-header-lower nav ul li.has-submenu > a::after {
  content: "â–¼";
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  margin-left: 5px;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

/* Submenu styles */
.hrl-header-lower nav ul li ul {
  display: none;
  position: relative;
  background: #fff;
  border-left: 2px solid #96351b;
  padding: 8px 0 8px 12px;
  margin-top: 6px;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

.hrl-header-lower nav ul li:hover > ul {
  display: block;
}

.hrl-header-lower nav ul li ul li a {
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  padding: 6px 10px;
}

/* ---------- SEPARATOR LINE ---------- */
.hrl-body-separator {
  height: 2px;
  background: #fff;
  border: none;
  margin: 0;
  width: 100%;
}
/* ---------- HTML BUTTONS (Match PDF Style) ---------- */

a.obj_galley_link.html,
a.obj_galley_link.xhtml,
a.obj_galley_link.fullText,
a[href$='.html'],
a[href*='view/'][class*='galley'] {
  background: #eaeaea !important;
  color: #002b4c !important;
  border-radius: 3px;
  padding: 4px 22px !important;
  font-weight: 300 !important;
  font-size: 0.9rem !important;
  border: 1px solid #a6d2ff !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  display: inline-block;
  transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
}

/* Hover state */
a.obj_galley_link.html:hover,
a.obj_galley_link.xhtml:hover,
a.obj_galley_link.fullText:hover,
a[href$='.html']:hover,
a[href*='view/'][class*='galley']:hover {
  background: #b7dcff !important;
  color: #001e34 !important;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
}


/* ---------- RESPONSIVE ---------- */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
  .hrl-header-middle {
    padding: 40px 0;
  }

  .hrl-header-middle .journal-logo {
    max-height: 150px;
    margin-top: -20px;
    margin-left: 25px; 
  }

  .hrl-header-lower nav ul {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .hrl-header-upper .upper-flex,
  .hrl-header-middle .middle-flex,
  .hrl-header-lower .lower-flex {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 10px;
  }

  .hrl-header-middle .journal-logo {
    max-height: 100px;
    margin-left: 25px; 
  }
}

.pkp_structure_main a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.issue-summary,
.obj_article_summary {
  background: #fff;
  padding: 18px 20px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.issue-summary:hover,
.obj_article_summary:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}
/* ===============================
   FIX: Article + PDF Sidebar Layout
   =============================== */

/* Restore default OJS main structure layout */
.pkp_structure_main {
  background: #fff;
  font-family: "Source Sans 3", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Add arrow for items with submenu (About) */
.hrl-header-lower a.has-sub::after,
.hrl-header-lower li.dropdown > a::after {
  content: "▾";
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  margin-left: 6px;
  opacity: 0.75;
  transform: translateY(0.5px);
}

/* For Submit: small NE arrow (diagonal up-right) */
.hrl-header-lower a.submit-link::after,
.hrl-header-lower .nav-right a.submit::after {
  content: "↗";
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  margin-left: 6px;
  opacity: 0.8;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* Default middle navbar background */
.hrl-header-middle {
    padding: 60px 0;
    color: #ededed; /* text color */
}

/* Journal-specific background colors */
.jeamd.hrl-header-middle { background-color: #96351b; }     /* Journal 1 */
.journal2.hrl-header-middle { background-color: #15455a; }  /* Journal 2 */
.journal3.hrl-header-middle { background-color: #743740; }  /* Journal 3 */
.journal4.hrl-header-middle { background-color: #042b48; }  /* Journal 4 */

/* Ensure text color stays consistent */
.hrl-header-middle .publisher-title,
.hrl-header-middle .publisher-sub,
.hrl-header-middle .journal-title,
.hrl-header-middle .open-access {
    color: #ededed;
}

.material-symbols-outlined.icon-thin {
  font-variation-settings:
    'FILL' 0,
    'wght' 200,   /* Thin weight */
    'GRAD' 0,
    'opsz' 24;
  vertical-align: middle;
  font-size: 20px;
  margin-right: 6px;
}
.upper-right {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
}

.upper-right .icon-link,
.upper-right .hrl-alljournals {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #732c2f;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.upper-right svg {
  stroke: currentColor;
}
.journal-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.journal-actions .icon-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  color: #a77575;
  font-size: 15px;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.journal-actions svg {
  stroke: currentColor;
}

/* Highlight submit button */
.journal-actions .submit-article {
  background: #732c2f;
  color: #ffffff;
  padding: 7px 14px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: background 0.25s;
}

.journal-actions .submit-article:hover {
  background: #133a4a;
}
/* Overlay background */
#citeDialogOverlay {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
    z-index: 9998;
    display: none;
}

/* Popup container */
#citeDialog {
    position: fixed;
    top: 50%;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    background: #fff;
    padding: 20px;
    width: 80%;
    max-width: 450px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
    z-index: 9999;
    display: none;
}

/* Close button */
#closeCite {
    float: right;
    font-size: 20px;
    cursor: pointer;
    margin-left: 10px;
}

/* Copy button styling */
#copyCite {
    margin-top: 10px;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    background-color: #007bff;
    color: #fff;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 4px;
    cursor: pointer;
}
#copyCite:hover {
    background-color: #0056b3;
}
/* ===============================
   SEARCH BAR STYLES
=================================*/

.middle-search-bars {
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 10px 0 15px 0;
}

.hrl-multi-search {
    display: flex;
    gap: 8px;
}

.hrl-multi-search input[type="text"] {
    padding: 10px 14px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    border: 1px solid #000;       /* thin black border */
    border-radius: 0;             /* NO rounding */
    outline: none;
    width: 250px;
    height: 42px;                 /* uniform height */
}

.hrl-search-btn {
    width: 50px;
    height: 42px;                 /* same height as inputs */
    border-radius: 0;             /* NO rounding */
    border: none;
    background-color: #a77575;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.hrl-search-btn svg {
    stroke: #fff;
}

/* ===============================
   BANNER (NO CROPPING)
=================================*/

.hrl-banner-wrapper {
position: relative;
    width: 1335px;
    height: 348px;
    margin: 5px auto;
    overflow: hidden; /* keep edges clean */
}

.hrl-banner-image {
    width: 1335px;
    height: 348px;
    object-fit: fill;   /* NO CROPPING */
    display: block;
}

/* Remove extra spaces above and below the banner */
.hrl-banner-wrapper {
    margin-top: 5px !important;
    margin-bottom: 5px !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* Remove space from parent container */
.hrl-header-middle {
    margin-top: 5px !important;
    margin-bottom: 5px !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* Remove gap under search section */
.search-section {
    margin-bottom: 8px !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
}
.hrl-card-button {
display: inline-block;
    padding: 6px 14px;
    background: #f6f7f7;
    color: #232323;
    border: 1px solid #232323;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    cursor: pointer;
}
/* ===============================
   RIGHT OVERLAY CARD ON BANNER
=================================*/

.hrl-banner-card.right-card {
    position: absolute;
    top: 50%;
    right: 2%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    background-color: #ebe3d3;
    color: #414140;
    padding: 20px 25px;
    width: 360px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.hrl-card-title {
    margin: 0 0 10px 0;
    margin: 0 0 10px 0;
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #414140;
}

.hrl-card-text {
margin: 0 0 15px 0;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: #414140;;
}

/* BUTTON */
.hrl-card-button {
    background-color: #f6f7f7;
    border: 2px solid #232323;
    color: #232323;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-block;
    font-weight: 600;
    border-radius: 0;
}

/* ===============================
   RESPONSIVE FIXES
=================================*/

@media (max-width: 1400px) {
    .hrl-banner-wrapper {
        width: 100%;
    }
    .hrl-banner-image {
        width: 100%;
        object-fit: cover;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .hrl-banner-card.right-card {
        position: static;
        transform: none;
        margin-top: 10px;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .hrl-multi-search {
        flex-wrap: wrap;
        justify-content: center;
    }
}

.hrl-banner-wrapper {
    position: relative;
}

.hrl-floating-ad {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    right: 0; /* Change to left:0 if you prefer left placement */
    height: 100%;               /* Full banner height */
    width: 420px;               /* ~2x previous width */
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, #e6dfd7 0%, #a46f70 100%); /* Cool professional gradient */
    color: #414140;
    margin-right:40px;
    padding: 25px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    font-family: "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
    z-index: 20;
    border: none; /* Fully rectangular */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    animation: fadeInSlide 1s forwards;
}

@keyframes fadeInSlide {
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.ad-thumb {
    width: 100%;
    max-height: 100px;
    object-fit: cover;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.ad-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    flex-grow: 1;
}

.ad-title {
    font-size: 25px;
    font-weight: 900;
    color: #732b2e;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.ad-ann-title {
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: bold;
    margin: 0;
}

.ad-ann-sub {
    font-size: 16px;
    margin: 5px 0;
}

.ad-ann-date {
    font-size: 14px;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.ad-readmore {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 15px;
    color: #732b2e;
    font-weight: bold;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.ad-btn {
    background: #cfb9b4;
    border: 1px solid #232323;
    padding: 12px 14px;
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 13px;
    color: #232323;
    text-decoration: none;
    width: 40%;
    border-radius: 0; /* Fully rectangular */
    display: block;
    margin-top: auto;
    transition: background 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
}

.ad-btn:hover {
    background: #e0e0e0;
    color: #111;
}


/* Responsive adjustment */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .hrl-floating-ad {
        position: static;
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        margin-top: 10px;
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .ad-thumb {
        max-height: 150px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* Stack columns vertically on smaller screens */
    .footer-content-container {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center; /* Center items for better look on small screens */
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    
}
/* Hide PDF buttons explicitly */
a.obj_galley_link.pdf,
a.obj_galley_link[href$=".pdf"],
a[href$=".pdf"].obj_galley_link,
a[href*="/pdf"],
li.pdf a,
.galley-links a.pdf {
  display: none !important;
}
.homepage-supplementary {
	margin-top: 60px;
	padding-top: 30px;
}

.homepage-supplementary h2 {
	font-size: 20px;
	margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.supplementary-content > * {
	margin-bottom: 20px;
}
/* ======================================================
   GLOBAL LAYOUT FIX — Full Width + Sidebar at Bottom
   ====================================================== */

/* Turn the content area into a vertical layout */
.pkp_structure_content {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  grid-template-areas:
    "main"
    "sidebar";
  width: 100%;
}

/* Main content: full width */
.pkp_structure_main {
  grid-area: main;
  width: 100% !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
}

/* Sidebar becomes a bottom section */
.pkp_structure_sidebar {
  grid-area: sidebar;
  width: 100% !important;
  margin-top: 60px;
  padding-top: 30px;
  background: #fff;
}
.pkp_structure_sidebar h2,
.pkp_structure_sidebar h3 {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-family: var(--primary-serif);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .block {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
/* ======================================================
   MAIN CONTENT WIDTH & STRUCTURE (ScienceDirect Style)
   ====================================================== */

/* Standard readable content width */
.page_index_site > *,
.page_issue > *,
.page_article > *,
.page_index_journal > * {
  max-width: 1300px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  padding-left: 20px;
  padding-right: 20px;
}

/* Sections that should stretch wider */
.hosted-journals,
.most-read,
.recommended,
.publisher-services {
  max-width: 100%;
}

.journal-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(520px, 1fr));
  gap: 28px;
}
/* Section spacing */
section {
  margin-bottom: 60px;
}

/* Headings hierarchy */
section h2 {
  font-size: 24px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 25px;
}

/* Prevent long vertical line bleeding down page */
.hrl-header-lower nav ul li ul {
  border-left: none !important;
}
/* Card consistency */
.journal-card,
.recommend-card,
.issue-summary,
.obj_article_summary {
  border-radius: 0; /* academic, rectangular */
}

/* Reduce excessive shadows for academic look */
.issue-summary,
.obj_article_summary {
  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);
}
/* ======================================================
   SAFE BORDER HIDING — NO LAYOUT BREAKAGE
   ====================================================== */

/* Remove section divider borders */

/* Remove card borders (keep cards intact) */
.journal-card,
.recommend-card {
  border: none !important;
}

/* Remove list item dividers */
.article-list li {
  border-bottom: none !important;
}

/* Remove announcement borders */
.cmp_announcements,
.cmp_announcement {
  border: none !important;
}

/* Remove dropdown vertical divider line */
.hrl-header-lower nav ul li ul {
  border-left: none !important;
}

/* Remove lower header top divider ONLY (keep bottom accent) */
.hrl-header-lower {
  border-top: none !important;
/* ======================================================
   FINAL OJS FIX — REMOVE ALL COLUMN GUIDE LINES
   ====================================================== */

/* OJS draws column rules on BODY background */
body {
  background-image: none !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
}

/* Safety: also neutralize page wrapper */
.pkp_structure_page,
.pkp_structure_content {
  background-image: none !important;
  background-color: transparent !important;
}

/* Ensure full-width main area */
.pkp_structure_main {
  box-shadow: none !important;
  background-image: none !important;
}
html,
body,
.pkp_structure_page {
  background-color: #ffffff !important;
}

/* Ensure content wrapper blends in */
.pkp_structure_content {
  background-color: transparent !important;
}
.pkp_structure_page_fullwidth {
  clear: both;
  width: 100%;
  height: 0;
}
.hero-journal {background:#f7f9fb;padding:4rem 2rem;} .hero-inner {display:grid;grid-template-columns:70% 30%;gap:2rem;max-width:1200px;margin:auto;} .journal-title {font-size:2.4rem;margin-bottom:1rem;} .hero-cta .cta-card {background:#fff;padding:2rem;border-radius:14px;box-shadow:0 8px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.06);} .badge-open {background:#e6f4ea;color:#137333;padding:.4rem .8rem;border-radius:20px;font-size:.8rem;} .cta-primary {display:block;margin-top:1.5rem;background:#0056b3;color:#fff;text-align:center;padding:.8rem;border-radius:8px;}

.current-issue-modern {padding:4rem 2rem;max-width:1200px;margin:auto;} .issue-grid {display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:2rem;} .article-card {background:#fff;border-radius:12px;padding:1.5rem;box-shadow:0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.05);transition:transform .2s;} .article-card:hover {transform:translateY(-4px);} .article-thumb {height:120px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#dde7f3,#f7f9fb);border-radius:8px;margin-bottom:1rem;} .icon-author {width:18px;height:18px;fill:#555;margin-right:.4rem;} .btn-html {background:#eef2f7;padding:.4rem .8rem;border-radius:6px;font-size:.85rem;}

.journal-discovery {background:#f7f7f7;padding:4rem 2rem;} .tab-switch {display:flex;gap:1rem;justify-content:center;margin-bottom:2rem;} .tab-switch button {background:none;border:none;padding:.6rem 1.2rem;font-weight:600;cursor:pointer;position:relative;} .tab-switch button[aria-selected="true"]::after {content:"";position:absolute;bottom:-4px;left:0;right:0;height:2px;background:#0056b3;} .article-list li {padding:1.2rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0;}